Here the plural noun is the direct object of the verb jaʿalā, which is best understood to describe how many males and females from the descendants of Adam and Eve showed ingratitude for God’s favours.

This is a verbal noun which implies supposed partners possessing a share in God’s worship.

Abū Jaʿfar al-Madanī

Ibn ʿĀmir al-Shāmī

Nāfiʿ al-Madanī

Ḥamzah al-Zayyāt

Ibn Kathīr al-Makkī

Khalaf al-Bazzār

Abū ʿAmr al-Baṣrī

al-Kisāʾī

Yaʿqūb al-Ḥaḍramī

ʿĀṣim al-Kūfī

Ibn Wardan

Ibn Jammaz

Hishām

Ibn Dhakwān

Warsh

Qalun

Khalaf

Khallad

Al-Bazzi

Qunbul

Isḥaq

Idrīs

Ad-Duri

As-Susi

Abu al-Harith

Ruwais

Rawḥ

Shuʿbah

Ḥafṣ

فَلَمَّآ ءَاتَىٰهُمَا صَـٰلِحًا جَعَلَا لَهُۥ شُرَكَآءَ فِيمَآ ءَاتَىٰهُمَا ۚ فَتَعَـٰلَى ٱللَّهُ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ