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2:184
اياما معدودات فمن كان منكم مريضا او على سفر فعدة من ايام اخر وعلى الذين يطيقونه فدية طعام مسكين فمن تطوع خيرا فهو خير له وان تصوموا خير لكم ان كنتم تعلمون ١٨٤
أَيَّامًۭا مَّعْدُودَٰتٍۢ ۚ فَمَن كَانَ مِنكُم مَّرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍۢ فَعِدَّةٌۭ مِّنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ ۚ وَعَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ يُطِيقُونَهُۥ فِدْيَةٌۭ طَعَامُ مِسْكِينٍۢ ۖ فَمَن تَطَوَّعَ خَيْرًۭا فَهُوَ خَيْرٌۭ لَّهُۥ ۚ وَأَن تَصُومُوا۟ خَيْرٌۭ لَّكُمْ ۖ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ ١٨٤
أَيَّامٗا
مَّعۡدُودَٰتٖۚ
فَمَن
كَانَ
مِنكُم
مَّرِيضًا
أَوۡ
عَلَىٰ
سَفَرٖ
فَعِدَّةٞ
مِّنۡ
أَيَّامٍ
أُخَرَۚ
وَعَلَى
ٱلَّذِينَ
يُطِيقُونَهُۥ
فِدۡيَةٞ
طَعَامُ
مِسۡكِينٖۖ
فَمَن
تَطَوَّعَ
خَيۡرٗا
فَهُوَ
خَيۡرٞ
لَّهُۥۚ
وَأَن
تَصُومُواْ
خَيۡرٞ
لَّكُمۡ
إِن
كُنتُمۡ
تَعۡلَمُونَ
١٨٤
Jejuareis determinados dias; porém, quem de vós não cumprir jejum, por achar-se enfermo ou em viagem, jejuará, depois, o mesmo número de dias. Mas quem, só à custa de muito sacrifício, consegue cumpri-lo, vier a quebrá-lo, redimir-se-á, alimentando um necessitado; porém, quem se empenhar em fazer além do que for obrigatório, será melhor. Mas, se jejuardes, será preferível para vós, se quereis sabê-lo.
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Conjuntura
فدية طعام مسكين
Leitores
Abū Jaʿfar
Madinah
Ibn ʿĀmir
Damascus
Nāfiʿ
Madinah
Ḥamzah
Kufah
Ibn Kathīr
Makkah
Khalaf
Kufah
Abū ʿAmr
Basrah
al-Kisāʾī
Kufah
Yaʿqūb
Basrah
ʿĀṣim
Kufah
Leituras
فِدْيَةٌ طَعَامُ مِسْكِينٍ
fidyatun ṭaʿāmu miskīnin
“compensation, feeding a needy person”
i.e. each person compensates by providing for one needy person per missed day of fasting.
فِدْيَةٌ طَعَامُ مَسَاكِينَ
fidyatun ṭaʿāmu masākīna
فِدْيَةُ طَعَامِ مَسَاكِينَ
fidyatu ṭaʿāmi masākīna
“compensation by feeding needy people”
Here the plural is used to match the preceding plural alladhīna.

Explicação

The variation of singular/plural amounts to the same meaning, as it is agreed that each person is liable (per missed fast) for one needy person’s daily food. This ruling applies to those who are unable to fast in Ramadan or make them up later, or who would experience severe hardship due to old age, health conditions, and so on. Some scholars argue that the ruling used to be more open, and applied to another set of fasts before Ramadan was obligated. The two grammatical constructs (‘atf bayan, apposition and idafah, annexation) also give rise to the same meaning.

He has revealed to you ˹O Prophet˺ the Book in truth, confirming what came before it, as He revealed the Torah and the Gospel
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran