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Tafseer: Al-Ahzab 33:37

33:37
واذ تقول للذي انعم الله عليه وانعمت عليه امسك عليك زوجك واتق الله وتخفي في نفسك ما الله مبديه وتخشى الناس والله احق ان تخشاه فلما قضى زيد منها وطرا زوجناكها لكي لا يكون على المومنين حرج في ازواج ادعيايهم اذا قضوا منهن وطرا وكان امر الله مفعولا ٣٧
وَإِذْ تَقُولُ لِلَّذِىٓ أَنْعَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْسِكْ عَلَيْكَ زَوْجَكَ وَٱتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ وَتُخْفِى فِى نَفْسِكَ مَا ٱللَّهُ مُبْدِيهِ وَتَخْشَى ٱلنَّاسَ وَٱللَّهُ أَحَقُّ أَن تَخْشَىٰهُ ۖ فَلَمَّا قَضَىٰ زَيْدٌۭ مِّنْهَا وَطَرًۭا زَوَّجْنَـٰكَهَا لِكَىْ لَا يَكُونَ عَلَى ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَرَجٌۭ فِىٓ أَزْوَٰجِ أَدْعِيَآئِهِمْ إِذَا قَضَوْا۟ مِنْهُنَّ وَطَرًۭا ۚ وَكَانَ أَمْرُ ٱللَّهِ مَفْعُولًۭا ٣٧
وَإِذۡ
تَقُولُ
لِلَّذِيٓ
أَنۡعَمَ
ٱللَّهُ
عَلَيۡهِ
وَأَنۡعَمۡتَ
عَلَيۡهِ
أَمۡسِكۡ
عَلَيۡكَ
زَوۡجَكَ
وَٱتَّقِ
ٱللَّهَ
وَتُخۡفِي
فِي
نَفۡسِكَ
مَا
ٱللَّهُ
مُبۡدِيهِ
وَتَخۡشَى
ٱلنَّاسَ
وَٱللَّهُ
أَحَقُّ
أَن
تَخۡشَىٰهُۖ
فَلَمَّا
قَضَىٰ
زَيۡدٞ
مِّنۡهَا
وَطَرٗا
زَوَّجۡنَٰكَهَا
لِكَيۡ
لَا
يَكُونَ
عَلَى
ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ
حَرَجٞ
فِيٓ
أَزۡوَٰجِ
أَدۡعِيَآئِهِمۡ
إِذَا
قَضَوۡاْ
مِنۡهُنَّ
وَطَرٗاۚ
وَكَانَ
أَمۡرُ
ٱللَّهِ
مَفۡعُولٗا
٣٧
En (gedenk) toen jij (O Moehammad) zei tot degene die door Allah begenadigd was en aan wie jij genade had gegeven: "Hou jouw echtgenote bij jou, en vrees Allah." Toen jij in je hart verborgen hield wat Allah openbaar wilde maken, en jij de mensen vreesde, terwijl Allah er meer recht op had dat je Hem vreesde. Toen Zaid geen behoefte meer aan haar had, toen hebben Wij jou met haar gehuwd, zodat er voor de gelovigen geen belemmering zou bestaan met betrekking tot de (voormalige) vrouwen van hun aangenomen kinderen, wanneer zij geen behoefte meer aan hen hebben. En het bevel van Allah wordt uitgevoerd.
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Zayd’s marriage with Zaynab took place in the year 4 AH, but the marriage was a failure and the next year they separated. When Zayd expressed to the Prophet, his intention of giving a divorce in this case, the Prophet of God asked the reason for it. Zayd said that she had a superiority complex over him due to her being from a noble family. However, the Prophet Muhammad urged him not to divorce her. However, on Zayd’s insistence, he permitted them to separate. When Zayd and Zaynab got married, they broke an old convention and it was ordained that a difference in social status should not come in the way of marriage. But when they separated, it was the will of Almighty God that Zaynab should be made the means of breaking yet another erroneous custom. By tradition, in the old pre-Islamic period, an adopted son was treated just like a real son, enjoying the same rights and titles. The best way of breaking this custom was that after her divorce, Zaynab should marry the Prophet Muhammad. Zayd was the adopted son of the Prophet Muhammad, and was known as Zayd bin (son of) Muhammad. Under these circumstances, the Prophet’s marrying the divorced wife of his adopted son amounted to a disastrous contravention of the old custom, which held that a man’s marrying a woman formerly married to his adopted son, and then divorced by him, was prohibited because she was no different from a woman married to and then divorced by his real son. The Prophet Muhammad was told in advance that if there should be a separation between the aforesaid couple, then as a device to break the old pre-Islamic custom, Zaynab would be given in marriage to him. Since such a marriage in the prevailing atmosphere would have given him a bad name, the Prophet urged Zayd not to divorce Zaynab, so that he might be spared this very trying ordeal. But, whatever was ordained by God, did happen. Zayd divorced Zaynab and, so as to break the old custom, Zaynab was married to the Prophet in the year 5 A.H.