Imām Ibn al-Jawzī (d. 597/1201) summarized the scholars' opinions in his book "Zād al-Masīr" as follows:

1. It is the Torah. [Ibn ʿAbbās]
2. It is both the Torah and the Gospel. [Qatādah]

What is "the Book" (*al-Kitāb*) referring to in this āyah?

Imām Ibn al-Jawzī (d. 597/1201) summarized the scholars' opinions in his book "Zād al-Masīr" as follows:

1. The creatures of the earth. This was narrated by al-Barā’ from the Prophet ﷺ and is also the view of Mujāhid and ʿIkrimah. Mujāhid said: "They say, 'We have been deprived of rain due to your sins,' so they curse them."
2. The believers. [ʿAbdullāh ibn Masʿūd]
3. The angels and the believers. [Abū al-ʿĀliyah, Qatādah]
4. The jinn, humans, and every creature. [ʿAṭāʾ]

What is the "those who condemn" referring to in this āyah?