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5:107
فان عثر على انهما استحقا اثما فاخران يقومان مقامهما من الذين استحق عليهم الاوليان فيقسمان بالله لشهادتنا احق من شهادتهما وما اعتدينا انا اذا لمن الظالمين ١٠٧
فَإِنْ عُثِرَ عَلَىٰٓ أَنَّهُمَا ٱسْتَحَقَّآ إِثْمًۭا فَـَٔاخَرَانِ يَقُومَانِ مَقَامَهُمَا مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسْتَحَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْأَوْلَيَـٰنِ فَيُقْسِمَانِ بِٱللَّهِ لَشَهَـٰدَتُنَآ أَحَقُّ مِن شَهَـٰدَتِهِمَا وَمَا ٱعْتَدَيْنَآ إِنَّآ إِذًۭا لَّمِنَ ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ ١٠٧
فَإِنۡ
عُثِرَ
عَلَىٰٓ
أَنَّهُمَا
ٱسۡتَحَقَّآ
إِثۡمٗا
فَـَٔاخَرَانِ
يَقُومَانِ
مَقَامَهُمَا
مِنَ
ٱلَّذِينَ
ٱسۡتَحَقَّ
عَلَيۡهِمُ
ٱلۡأَوۡلَيَٰنِ
فَيُقۡسِمَانِ
بِٱللَّهِ
لَشَهَٰدَتُنَآ
أَحَقُّ
مِن
شَهَٰدَتِهِمَا
وَمَا
ٱعۡتَدَيۡنَآ
إِنَّآ
إِذٗا
لَّمِنَ
ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
١٠٧
Si l’on découvre que ces deux témoins sont coupables de pêché, deux autres plus intègres, parmi ceux auxquels le tort a été fait, prendront leur place et tous jureront par Allah : "En vérité, notre témoignage sera plus juste que le témoignage de ces deux-là; et nous ne transgresserons point. Sinon, nous serions certainement du nombre des injustes."
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استحق عليهم الأولين
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اِسْتَحَقَّ عَلَيْهِمْ الأَوْلَيَانِ
(i)staḥaqqa ʿalayhimu l-awlayāni
“two others will stand in their place, from those (heirs) against whom that prioritised pair did wrong” OR “from those (heirs) from whom the two worthiest take their right”
In this reading, the verb is in the active voice, with the dual noun as its subject. There are various explanations for what the verb means here, and the referent of the noun.
اُسْتُحِقَّ عَلَيْهِمْ الأَوْلَيَانِ
(u)stuḥiqqa ʿalayhimu* l-awlayāni
“two others will stand in their place, from those (heirs) who were wronged, (and they are) the two worthiest” OR “from those heirs from whom the two worthiest were given right”
In this reading, the verb is passive. There are various explanations for the nominative dual noun.
اُسْتُحِقَّ عَلَيْهِمْ الأَوَّلِينَ
(u)stuḥiqqa ʿalayhimu* l-awwalīna
“two others will stand in their place, from those first people (heirs) who were wronged” OR “from those people of priority (heirs) who were wronged”
In this reading, the verb is passive, and the plural noun is genitive as an adjective or appositive of alladhīna etc.

Explication

These readings effectively give rise to the same meanings and rulings, though the passage contains numerous points at which different grammatical interpretations have been advanced by the scholars [al-Alusi]. *NB: some readers pronounce this as: ʿalayhumu.

He has revealed to you ˹O Prophet˺ the Book in truth, confirming what came before it, as He revealed the Torah and the Gospel
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran