Qira'at Fact File for Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:45

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وكتبنا عليهم فيها ان النفس بالنفس والعين بالعين والانف بالانف والاذن بالاذن والسن بالسن والجروح قصاص فمن تصدق به فهو كفارة له ومن لم يحكم بما انزل الله فاولايك هم الظالمون ٤٥

وَكَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهَآ أَنَّ ٱلنَّفْسَ بِٱلنَّفْسِ وَٱلْعَيْنَ بِٱلْعَيْنِ وَٱلْأَنفَ بِٱلْأَنفِ وَٱلْأُذُنَ بِٱلْأُذُنِ وَٱلسِّنَّ بِٱلسِّنِّ وَٱلْجُرُوحَ قِصَاصٌۭ ۚ فَمَن تَصَدَّقَ بِهِۦ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌۭ لَّهُۥ ۚ وَمَن لَّمْ يَحْكُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلظَّـٰلِمُونَ ٤٥

ﲞ

ﲟ

ﲠ

ﲡ

ﲢ

ﲣ

ﲤ

ﲥ

ﲦ

ﲧ

ﲨ

ﲩ

ﲪ

ﲫ

ﲬ

ﲭﲮ

ﲯ

ﲰ

ﲱ

ﲲ

ﲳ

ﲴﲵ

ﲶ

ﲷ

ﲸ

ﲹ

ﲺ

ﲻ

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ﲾ

ﲿ

We ordained for them in the Torah, “A life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth—and for wounds equal retaliation.” But whoever waives it charitably, it will be atonement for them. And those who do not judge by what Allah has revealed are ˹truly˺ the wrongdoers.

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Juncture

النفس…والعين…والانف…والاذن…والسن…والجروح

Readers

Abū Jaʿfar

Madinah

Ibn ʿĀmir

Damascus

Nāfiʿ

Madinah

Ḥamzah

Kufah

Ibn Kathīr

Makkah

Khalaf

Kufah

Abū ʿAmr

Basrah

al-Kisāʾī

Kufah

Yaʿqūb

Basrah

ʿĀṣim

Kufah

Readings

أَنَّ النَّفْسَ …وَالْعَيْنَ…وَالْأَنْفَ …وَالْأُذُنَ…وَالسِّنَّ… وَالْجُرُوحَ

an-nafsa…wa-l-ʿayna…wa-l-anfa…wa-l-udhuna*…wa-s-sinna…wa-l-jurūḥa

“We decreed for them therein: a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and that wounds are subject to retaliation.”

In this reading, all the items in the list are accusative under the effect of the particle anna. *NB: in the reading of Nāfiʿ, the word udhn ‘ear’ is pronounced without its middle vowel.

أَنَّ النَّفْسَ…وَالْعَيْنَ… وَالْأَنْفَ …وَالْأُذُنَ…وَالسِّنَّ… وَالْجُرُوحُ

an-nafsa…wa-l-ʿayna…wa-l-anfa…wa-l-udhuna…wa-s-sinna…wa-l-jurūḥu

“We decreed for them therein: a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth. Wounds are subject to retaliation.”

In this reading, only the last word jurūḥ is nominative, which may convey the same meaning or indicate that the last point is outside the dictates of the Torah.

أَنَّ النَّفْسَ…وَالْعَيْنُ… وَالْأَنْفُ …وَالْأُذُنُ…وَالسِّنُّ… وَالْجُرُوحُ

an-nafsa…wa-l-ʿaynu…wa-l-anfu…wa-l-udhunu…wa-s-sinnu…wa-l-jurūḥu

“We decreed for them therein: a life for a life. An eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and wounds are subject to retaliation.”

In this reading, the list becomes nominative from the second word onwards, such that anna is not affecting those words but the meaning is the same as the first reading.

Explanation

These readings convey the same meaning, with a possible nuance in the separation of the last point [al-Mahdawi].

He has revealed to you ˹O Prophet˺ the Book in truth, confirming what came before it, as He revealed the Torah and the Gospel

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran