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18:97
فما اسطاعوا ان يظهروه وما استطاعوا له نقبا ٩٧
فَمَا ٱسْطَـٰعُوٓا۟ أَن يَظْهَرُوهُ وَمَا ٱسْتَطَـٰعُوا۟ لَهُۥ نَقْبًۭا ٩٧
ﳫ
ﳬ
ﳭ
ﳮ
ﳯ
ﳰ
ﳱ
ﳲ
ﳳ
And so the enemies could neither scale nor tunnel through it.
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Juncture
فما اسطاعوا
Readers
Abū Jaʿfar
Madinah
Ibn ʿĀmir
Damascus
Nāfiʿ
Madinah
Ḥamzah
Kufah
Ibn Kathīr
Makkah
Khalaf
Kufah
Abū ʿAmr
Basrah
al-Kisāʾī
Kufah
Yaʿqūb
Basrah
ʿĀṣim
Kufah
Readings
فَمَا اسْطَاعُوا
fa-mā sṭāʿū
فَمَا اسْطَّاعُوا
fa-mā sṭṭāʿū
“they could not”

Explanation

These readings represent two ways of realising the form X verb (originally istaṭāʿū, as subsequently in this ayah), the first with elision and the second with merging, and they are identical in meaning [Makki]. Some scholars argue that the subsequent wa-mā staṭāʿū expresses their greater inability to burrow through the barrier.

He has revealed to you ˹O Prophet˺ the Book in truth, confirming what came before it, as He revealed the Torah and the Gospel
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran